June 8, 1995
Documentation for PUMS-L CD-ROM
Public Use Microdata Sample L was produced by the U.S. Bureau of
the Census under contract with the Louisiana Population Data
Center, LSU Agricultural Center. PUMS-L contains a unique labor
market area (LMA) geography delineated by Charles M. Tolbert
(LSU) and Molly Sizer (University of Arkansas). PUMS-L is a
minimum 0.25 percent sample. Like all PUMS geographic units, the
labor market areas must have a population of at least 100,000
persons. To avoid having as few as 250 cases in smaller LMAs,
the Bureau made an effort to supply at least 2000 person records
per LMA. Inclusion of these additional person records resulted
in a 0.45 percent sample. Sampling weights are included in the
file that compensate for this oversampling of smaller LMAs. The
resulting file contains information on 519,237 households and
1,139,142 persons. Weighted totals are: households -
101,916,857; persons - 248,709,867. This CD-ROM edition of PUMS-L
was prepared and mastered by the Louisiana Population Data
Center.
Suggested Citations
Please cite the Census documentation as follows:
Census of Population and Housing, 1990. Public Use Microdata
Sample U.S. Technical Documentation / prepared by the Bureau of
the Census.--Washington: The Bureau, 1992.
Please cite the CD-ROM and its files as follows:
Tolbert, Charles M., John J. Beggs, and Gerry D. Boudreaux.
PUMS-L Data and Associated Files: CD-ROM edition.
[machine-readable data files] / prepared by the Louisiana
Population Data Center, Louisiana State University and LSU
Agricultural Center. Baton Rouge: The Center, 1995.
Directory Structure of CD-ROM
The files on this CD-ROM are organized in several directories.
These directories contain raw PUMS-L data files, equivalency
files that document the labor market area geography, Atlas
Graphics files that can be used to produce maps, and compressed,
rectangularized SAS and SPSS-PC system files. One of the SAS
files is an experienced civilian labor force extract that may
facilitate research on labor market issues. Also included are
SAS and SPSS programs configured for PUMS-L. These setup programs
read the raw data files and can be modified for particular data
needs if the included system files require too much disk capacity
for your computer. In any event, copying the CD-ROM files to
your hard disk drive will greatly improve performance. Tree Map of PUMS-L CD-ROM
| README (This file)
|---GIS (Atlas GIS for Windows files)
| COUNTY90.AGF
| COUNTY90.AGX
| COUNTY90.AIF
| COUNTY90.AWX
| COUNTY90.LAY
| CZ_LMA90.PRJ
| LMAALL5.COL
| LMAALL5.DBF
| LMAALL5.N00
| LMAALL5.N01
|
|---EQVFILES (Geographic equivalency and listing files)
| CZLMA902.ASC
| CZLMA903.EQV
| CZLMA903.DOC
| CZLMA902.WPA
| CZLMA902.WPB
|
|---SPSS (SPSS PC program and compressed system files)
| |---PGMS
| | PUMSL901.SPS
| | PUMSL902.SPS
| | PUMSL903.SPS
| | PUMSL904.SPS
| |
| ----DATA
| PUMSL901.ZIP
| PUMSL902.ZIP
| PUMSL903.ZIP
| PUMSL904.ZIP
|
|---SAS (SAS V6.03 program and compressed files)
| |---PGMS
| | PUMSL901.SAS
| | PUMSL902.SAS
| | PUMSL903.SAS
| | PUMSL904.SAS
| |
| ----DATA
| PUMSL901.ZIP
| PUMSL902.ZIP
| PUMSL903.ZIP
| PUMSL904.ZIP
| PL90ECLF.SSD
| PL90ECLF.DOC
|
----PUMSL90 (ASCII raw PUMS-L data files)
PUMSL901.DAT
PUMSL902.DAT
PUMSL903.DAT
PUMSL904.DAT
Details on Directories
PUMSL90 - a directory containing four PUMS-L raw (ASCII) data
files that are approximately 100 Mb in size. The logical record
length for all four files is 231.
File LMAs Records
-----------------------------------
PUMSL901.DAT 000-115 410070
PUMSL902.DAT 116-203 417788
PUMSL903.DAT 204-303 418287
PUMSL904.DAT 304-394 412234
-----------------------------------
The record layout for these files is detailed in the printed
documentation that accompanies this CD.
EQVFILES - these files document the commuting zone and labor
market area geography that is used on PUMS-L.
The equivalency files are county-level files that indicate
how counties were grouped into commuting zones and labor
market areas. Use these files to link county-level data to
the labor market areas on PUMS-L. The CZLMA903.xyz files
contain the same geography as the CZLMA902.xyz files that
have been available for some time through the Center's
Internet server. The CZLMA903.xyz files are expanded
equivalency files with additional variables.
CZLMA903.EQV - ASCII county-level equivalency file that
contains a variety of information, including
county codes, commuting zone and LMA codes, a
measure of the strength of commuting
relationships within the area, urban-rural
continuum (Beale) codes, metropolitan area
codes, largest place, and 1980 commuting zone
and LMA code.
CZLMA903.DOC - ASCII file that documents the record layout
of CZLMA903.EQV
The directory also contains listing files:
CZLMA902.ASC - an ASCII listing of commuting zones and labor
market areas with county names and
population.
CZLMA902.WPA - a WordPerfect 5.1 listing file organized by
commuting zones and labor market areas. A
printed version of this file is included in
the documentation.
CZLMA902.WPB - a WordPerfect 5.1 listing file organized by
state and county. Use the file to find the
commuting zone or labor market area of a
particular county or area. A printed version
of this file is included in the
documentation.
GIS - this directory contains binary files created with Atlas GIS
for Windows, Version 2.0. When used in Atlas GIS, the set of
files produces a basic U.S. map with county, commuting zone, and
labor market area layers.
SAS - this directory has two subdirectories that contain
compressed SAS data files that correspond to the four PUMS-L
files and the SAS programs that were used to create the files.
These files are rectangular; i.e., household information has been
attached to each person record.
SAS\PGMS - this subdirectory contains the SAS programs that
were used to create the SAS (Version 6.03) files. We
modified the SAS setup that is distributed with PUMS files
to correspond to the PUMS-L layout. The programs took about
an hour to run on a 60 MHZ Pentium PC.
PUMSL901.SAS - program reads PUMSL901.DAT raw data file,
produces a SAS file named PUMSL901.SSD
PUMSL902.SAS - program reads PUMSL902.DAT raw data file,
produces a SAS file named PUMSL902.SSD
PUMSL903.SAS - program reads PUMSL903.DAT raw data file,
produces a SAS file named PUMSL903.SSD
PUMSL904.SAS - program reads PUMSL904.DAT raw data file,
produces a SAS file named PUMSL904.SSD
SAS\DATA - this subdirectory contains four SAS data sets
produced by SAS setup in the SAS\PGMS subdirectory. To fit
the files on one CD, PKZIP was used to compress them. When
PKUNZIP is used to expand the files, the procedure takes
about 15 minutes on a 60 MHZ Pentium computer and each file
is approximately 115 Mb in size. We recommend that you have
250 MB of available disk space before working with these
files. If you do not have sufficient disk space, modify
the SAS programs to select only certain records (e.g., only
labor force participants or only residents of certain LMAs)
and run the programs again on the raw data files.
PUMSL901.ZIP - compressed SAS V6.03 (*.ssd) file
PUMSL902.ZIP - compressed SAS V6.03 (*.ssd) file
PUMSL903.ZIP - compressed SAS V6.03 (*.ssd) file
PUMSL904.ZIP - compressed SAS V6.03 (*.ssd) file
The SAS\DATA directory also includes an uncompressed SAS
Version 6.03 file that is an experienced civilian labor
force (ECLF) extract from the four SAS files above. Persons
were included in the ECLF extract if they were employed as
civilians, with a job but not at work, unemployed and
actively seeking work (item RLABOR codes '1','2','3'), or
had worked in 1989 (item WORK89='1'). Selecting on these
criteria produced an extract file with 610,468 person
records. To fit the ECLF extract on the CD-ROM, it was
necessary to omit a number of variables. Key household
variables were retained along with most person items for a
total of 83 variables. The file PL90ECLF.DOC contains a
listing from a SAS CONTENTS procedure which further
documents the file.
PL90ECLF.SSD - uncompressed SAS V6.03 ECLF extract file
PL90ECLF.DOC - ASCII documentation file
SPSS - this directory has two subdirectories that contain
compressed SPSS data files that correspond to the four PUMS-L
files and the SPSS PC programs that were used to created the
files. These files are rectangular; i.e., household information
has been attached to each person record.
SPSS\PGMS - this subdirectory contains the SPSS programs
that were used to create the SPSS PC (*.sys) files. We
modified the SPSS setup that is distributed with PUMS files
to correspond to the PUMS-L layout. The programs took about
seven hours each to run on a 60 MHZ Pentium PC.
PUMSL901.SPS - program reads PUMSL901.DAT raw data file,
produces a SPSS PC file named PUMSL901.SYS
PUMSL902.SPS - program reads PUMSL902.DAT raw data file,
produces a SPSS PC file named PUMSL902.SYS
PUMSL903.SPS - program reads PUMSL903.DAT raw data file,
produces a SPSS PC file named PUMSL903.SYS
PUMSL904.SPS - program reads PUMSL904.DAT raw data file,
produces a SPSS PC file named PUMSL904.SYS
SPSS\DATA - this subdirectory contains SPSS data sets
produced by SPSS setup in the SPSS\PGMS subdirectory. To
fit the files on one CD, PKZIP was used to compress them.
When PKUNZIP is used to expand the files, the procedure
takes about one hour on a 60 MHZ Pentium and each file is
approximately 540 Mb in size. We recommend that you have
one gigabyte (1000 MB) of available disk space before
working with these files. If you do not have sufficient
disk space, modify the SPSS programs to select only certain
records (e.g., only labor force participants or only
residents of certain LMAs) and run the programs again on the
raw data files.
PUMSL901.ZIP - compressed SPSS PC (.sys) file
PUMSL902.ZIP - compressed SPSS PC (.sys) file
PUMSL903.ZIP - compressed SPSS PC (.sys) file
PUMSL904.ZIP - compressed SPSS PC (.sys) file
Further Information
PUMS files - answers to general questions can usually be found in
the printed documentation supplied with the CD-ROM.
PUMS-L geography - Commuting Zones (CZs) and Labor Market Areas
(LMAs) were delineated with 1990 Census journey-to-work
data. The research project is led by Charles M. Tolbert (LSU
Rural Sociology and Louisiana Population Data Center) and
Molly Sizer (Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology,
University of Arkansas). The work is funded through a
cooperative agreement with the Economic Research Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture. The research is also
supported by U.S.D.A. Regional Project S-229. Until a
technical report is completed by the investigators and
published by ERS, the following publications serve as
references:
Tolbert, Charles M. and Molly Sizer Killian. "Labor
Market Areas for the United States." Staff Report No.
AGES870721. 1987. Agriculture and Rural Economy
Division, Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of
Agriculture.
Tolbert, Charles M. "Labor Market Areas in Stratification
Research: Concepts, Definitions, and Issues." Pp.
81-97 in William Falk and Thomas Lyson (eds.), Research
in Rural Sociology and Development: Rural Labor
Markets. Volume 4. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1989.
Killian, Molly Sizer and Charles M. Tolbert. "Mapping
Social and Economic Space: The Methodology of Defining
Local Labor Markets in the United States." Pp. 69-79
in Singelmann, Joachim and F.A. Deseran (eds.),
Inequalities in Labor Market Areas, Boulder: Westview,
1993.
News and updates - should it become necessary to revise any of
the files on this CD, new versions of files will be made
available through the Internet. Those who purchase the data
through the Louisiana Population Data Center will be
notified of any revisions. The Center maintains a home page
on the World Wide Web (http://www.lapop.lsu.edu/pumsl).
Electronic mail for the Center can be routed to
info@lapop.lsu.edu. PUMS-L users are encouraged to follow
related developments on this home page.
PKWARE - The compression software PKZIP and PKUNZIP can be
obtained from:
PKWARE, Inc.
9025 N. Deerwood Dr.
Brown Deer, WI 53223-2437
414-354-8699 Voice
414-354-8559 FAX
414-354-8670 BBS
Acknowledgments - this README file was prepared by Charles
Tolbert of the Louisiana Population Data Center. He thanks
John Beggs and Gerry Boudreaux, also of the Center, for
their assistance in verifying the PUMS files, preparing
files for distribution, and mastering the original CD-ROM.
Graduate research assistant Pamela Bennett was also a great
help. Jeff Crump, Western Illinois University, and Tim
Parker, Economic Research Service, U.S.D.A., lent very
valuable assistance by testing the original CD. Principal
funding for PUMS-L was provided by the Economic Research
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Additional support
was provided by agricultural experiment stations and other
institutions affiliated with U.S.D.A. Regional Project
S-259.
Disclaimer - The Louisiana Population Data Center warrants only
that this CD-ROM will function upon initial receipt by user
and thereafter for a period of 90 days. During that time,
the Center will replace a defective CD at no charge. No
other warranties are expressed or implied.
Louisiana
Population Data Center
Louisiana State University and LSU Agricultural Center
126 Stubbs Hall
Baton Rouge, LA 70803
(225) 578-5360- voice
(225) 578-5102 - FAX
Email: lpdcrep@lsu.edu
 Louisiana Population Data Center 126 Stubbs Hall Baton Rouge, LA 70803 Phone: 225/578-5360 FAX: 225/578-5102 E-mail: lpdcrep@lsu.edu |
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